James River Eye Physicians & Optical

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Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common eye condition that gradually blurs your central vision. It occurs when the macula, a tiny spot near the center of your retina, deteriorates. The retina is the light-sensitive tissue at the back of your eye that converts images into electrical signals, which are then sent to your brain. 

Types of AMD 

There are two main types of AMD: 

  • Dry AMD: The most common type, dry AMD, occurs when the macula thins and deteriorates slowly over time. 
  • Wet AMD: Less common but more severe, wet AMD involves the growth of abnormal blood vessels under the macula, which can lead to rapid vision loss. 

Symptoms of AMD 

Early AMD often has no symptoms. As the condition progresses, you might experience: 

  • Blurry central vision 
  • A dark spot in the center of your vision 
  • Straight lines appearing wavy or distorted 
  • Difficulty recognizing faces

Risk Factors 

Several factors can increase your risk of developing AMD, including: 

  • Age: The risk increases significantly after age 50. 
  • Family history: Having a family member with AMD increases your risk. 
  • Smoking: Smoking significantly raises your risk of developing AMD. 
  • High blood pressure and heart disease can increase your risk. 
  • Obesity: Being overweight or obese may also increase your risk.

Managing AMD 

While there's no cure for AMD, early detection and management can help slow its progression. Treatment options vary depending on the type of AMD. 

  • Dry AMD: Early dry AMD has no treatment, but certain vitamins and minerals may slow its progression. 
  • Wet AMD: Laser treatment or injections into the eye can help slow or stop vision loss.

Lifestyle Changes Can Also Help Manage AMD, Including:

  • Eating a healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains 
  • Maintaining a healthy weight 
  • Regular exercise 
  • Quitting smoking or avoiding secondhand smoke 
  • Wearing sunglasses to protect your eyes from harmful UV rays

Contact Us Today! 

Regular eye exams are crucial for early detection and monitoring of AMD. If you notice any changes in your vision, consult an eye care professional promptly. 

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